树莓派是使用SD卡来安装系统的,SD卡,很容易出问题,数据都会丢失,之前做的一些配置都需要重新再来,所以一定要备份好SD卡。这里说一下在Ubuntu环境下,SD卡会的备份和恢复。
使用
树莓派镜像的备份
- Shutdown the PI and remove the SD card. Insort the SD card into your computer;
- Open a Terminal instance and enter the following Linux command;See Pic 2 above for the result. In general you will find external devices have a path something like ‘/media/pi/…’,For these two Raspberry Pi entries note the mount details. Ringed in red, here; ‘/dev/sdb1’ and ‘/dev/sdb2’
1
df -h
- then enter the following command:
1 | sudo dd if=/dev/sdb | gzip>/home/ovision/github/raspi.gz |
You can change the filename and path by you computer
- Then you can get a cup of coffe, it may take a few minitues
树莓派镜像的恢复restore your fully-set-up image
To restore the image, do exactly the same again to discover which device is your SD card. For example, if the df -h shows that there are two partitions on the SD card, you will need to unmount both of them:
1 | sudo umount /dev/sdb1 |
Now you are able to write the original image to the SD drive:unzip the raspi.gz
1 | sudo dd bs=4M if=~/SDCardBackup.img of=/dev/sdb |
Again, wait while it completes.
in Windows
- Open Win32DiskImager again and browse for your image file. Select your device from the Device dropdown just as you did before.
- click “Write” to write the image to the SD card.
- When it finishes, eject the SD card and re-insert it into your Raspberry Pi. When you boot it up, it should be in the exact same state it was in when you first cloned the SD card.
福利:给树莓派添加开机自启动程序
在写脚本之前要保证你此时要自启动的程序能够运行,不然就糗大发了.
第一步,在你要运行的程序的同级目录下(例如:home/pi/Desktop/下有个main程序)新建一个脚本start.sh
sudo nano start.sh
脚本代码如下:1
2
3#!/bin/sh
cd /home/pi/Desktop
sudo ./main第二步,修改脚本文件权限!
sudo chmod 777 /hone/pi/Desktop/start.sh
第三步,将脚本文件添加进rc.local(一般的自启动程序都会放入此文件夹中)中!
sudo nano /etc/rc.local //(进入此文件夹)
在进到该文件中之后,找到exit 0的上一行,写入如下程序代码:
/home/pi/Desktop/start.sh start
保存退出之后重启树莓派即可!